Estimating properties in dynamic systems: the case of churn in P2P networks

Lamia Benamara and Clémence Magnien

Proceedings of the third International Workshop on Network Science for Communication Networks (NetSciCom 2010), In conjunction with IEEE Infocom 2010.

In many systems, such as P2P systems, the dynamicity of participating elements, or churn, has a strong impact. As a consequence, many efforts have been made to characterize it, and in particular to capture the session length distribution. However in most cases, estimating it rigorously is difficult. One of the reasons is that, because the observation window is by definition finite, parts of the sessions that begin before the window and/or end after it are missed. This induces a bias. Although it tends to decrease when the observation window length increases, it is difficult to quantify its importance, or how fast it decreases. Here, we introduce a general methodology that allows us to know if the observation window is long enough to characterize a given property. This methodology is not specific to one study case and may be applied to any property in a dynamic system. We apply this methodology to the study of session lengths in a massive measurement of P2P activity in the eDonkey system. We show that the measurement needs to last for at least one week in order to obtain representative results. We also show that our methodology allows us to precisely characterize the shape of the session length distribution.

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Dynamique des réseaux de conseil : les mécanismes sociaux à lorigine dune stabilisation précaire

Emmanuel Lazega

17 mars 2011 de 11h à 12h : salle 25-26/101

La question de savoir si la structure dun collectif reste stable malgré un fort turnover de ses membres et un fort turnover des relations entre ces membres est une question classique de la sociologie. Nous proposons une réponse à cette question en procédant à une analyse longitudinale dun réseau de conseil intra-organisationnel explorant la relation entre la structure formelle de lorganisation et un processus dapprentissage collectif par ses membres. Nous identifions une structure centre-périphérie et un mouvement cyclique de centralisation-décentralisation du réseau de conseil. Nous expliquons cette dynamique comme leffet dune oscillation des membres de lorganisation entre surcharge et conflits épistémiques. La question de la stabilité de la structure malgré un fort turnover de ses membres et un fort turnover des relations entre eux est ainsi traduite en termes de stabilisation plus ou moins précaire de cette dynamique par les acteurs du système eux-mêmes.

Rigorous measurement of IP-level neighborhood of Internet core routers

Christophe Crespelle, Matthieu Latapy, Elie Rotenberg

Proceedings of the third International Workshop on Network Science for Communication Networks (NetSciCom 2010), In conjunction with IEEE Infocom 2010.

Many contributions use the degree distribution of IP-level internet topology. However, current knowledge of this property relies on biased and erroneous measurements, and so it is subject to much debate. We introduce here a new approach, dedicated to the core of the internet, which avoids the issues raised by classical measurements. It is based on the measurement of IP-level neighborhood of internet core routers, for which we design and implement a rigorous method. It consists in sending traceroute probes from many monitors distributed in the internet towards a given target router and carefully selecting the relevant information in collected data. Using simulations, we provide strong evidence of the accuracy of our approach. We then conduct real-world measurements illustrating the practical effectiveness of our method. This constitutes a significant step towards reliable knowledge of the IP-level degree distribution of the core of the internet.

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Bluebear : Exploration des risques d’atteinte à la vie privée sur Internet

Arnaud Legout

10 mars 2011 de 11h à 12h : salle 25-26/101

Les risques d’atteinte à la vie privée sur Internet sont largement sous estimés. Il est connu que les internautes laissent énormément d’informations personnelles sur, par exemple, les réseaux sociaux. Cependant, peu de gens savent que toute activité sur Internet laisse des traces. Dans cet exposé, nous allons montrer qu’il est possible de collecter ces traces à grande échelle et sans infrastructure dédiée. Plus précisément, nous allons montrer qu’il est possible de surveiller l’activité sur BitTorrent de centaines de millions d’internautes. Nous allons également montrer qu’en exploitant des mesures faites sur BitTorrent et sur un réseaux de voix sur IP, il est non seulement possible de lier à une identité réelle une liste de téléchargement de manière automatique, mais qu’il est également possible de suivre les déplacements d’un grand nombre de personnes sans que ces personnes n’aient aucun moyen de détecter ni de bloquer ces mesures.

Learning Propagation Schemes in Multi-Graphs

Ludovic Denoyer

10 février 2011 de 11h à 12h : salle 25-26/101

We consider the problem of labeling nodes in a multi-graph where the nodes may be connected with different types of relations. This type of problem occurs in many situations like for example the analysis of social networks or bibliographic data. Relations may be provided (e.g. friends) or computed (e.g. similarity). We propose a new learning algorithm for exploiting the rich multi-relational information in the labeling task. This method is able to optimally learn combining the influence of different relation types. It is one of the very first algorithms able to handle multi-graph information for this classi fication task. We describe experiments on four datasets which show the model ability to deal with complex relationships and to take bene fit of multi-relational information for complex labeling problems.

Accurate characterizing of session lengths in P2P system

Accurate characterizing of session lengths in P2P system

Interactive multiscale visualization of huge graphs: application to a network of weblogs

Massoud Seifi, Jean-loup Guillaume, Matthieu Latapy and Bénédicte Le Grand

Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Visualization and Knowledge Extraction (EGC 2010)

De nombreux réseaux du monde réel peuvent être modélisés par des grands graphes. Réduire la complexité d’un graphe de manière à ce qu’il puisse être facilement interprété par l’oeil humain est une aide précieuse pour comprendre et analyser ce type de données. Nous proposons une méthodologie de visualisation interactive multi-échelle de grands graphes basée sur une classification des sommets qui nous permet de représenter ces graphes de manière lisible et interprétable. Nous appliquons notre méthodologie à un réseau de blogs francophones.

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Link prediction in a file-provider network

Link prediction in a file-provider network

Complex network measurement with link queries

Complex network measurement with link queries

Quantifying paedophile users on a P2P system

Quantifying paedophile users on a P2P system

Keywords popularity in eDonkey queries

Keywords pupularity in eDonkey queries

Attacks on heterogeneous networks

Attacks on heterogeneous networks

Evaluation of the real degree of IP routers

Evaluation of the real degree of IP routers

Following and Followers in Twitter

Following and Followers in Twitter

Number of file-id discovered in a client-side eDonkey measurement

Number of file-id discovered in a client-side eDonkey measurement

Social networks conceptual analysis

Social networks conceptual analysis

Measuring clustering coefficient with different strategies

Measuring clustering coefficient with different strategies

Evolution of degree distribution during measurement

Evolution of degree distribution during measurement

Network Robustness

Network Robustness

Impact of Random Failures and Attacks on Poisson and Power-Law Random Networks

Clémence Magnien, Matthieu Latapy and Jean-Loup Guillaume

ACM Computing Surveys, 43 (3), 2011. Extended abstract published in LNCS, proceedings of the 8-th International Conference On Principles Of Distributed Systems OPODIS’04, 2004, Grenoble, France (title: Comparison of Failures and Attacks on Random and Scale-free Networks)

It appeared recently that the underlying degree distribution of a network may play a crucial role concerning its robustness. Empiric and analytic results have been obtained, based on asymptotic and mean-field approximations. Previous work insisted on the fact that power-law degree distributions induce a high resilience to random failure but a high sensitivity to some attack strategies, while Poisson degree distributions are quite sensitive in both cases. Then, much work has been done to extend these results. We focus here on these basic results, with the aim of deepening significantly our understanding of their origin and their limitations. We review in detail previous contributions and we give full proofs in a unified framework, in which the approximations on which these results rely are well identified. We then add to these known results a set of new ones aimed at enlightening some important aspects. We also provide extensive and rigorous experiments which make it possible to evaluate the relevance of the analytic results. We reach the conclusion that, even if it is clear that the basic results of the field are true and important, they are in practice much less striking than generally thought. The differences between random failures and attacks are not so huge and can be explained with simple facts. Likewise, the differences in the behaviors induced by power-law and Poisson distributions are not as striking as often claimed.

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